Various medical circumstances, including heart attacks and extreme cases of COVID-19, necessitate the use of anticoagulants, medicines that prevent blood clots. But the most commonly used, heparin, can induce potentially fatal side effects by making the blood clots worse rather than better. This only happens in a minority of patients so effective treatments are not commonly explored.
For the first time, researchers, including those from the University of Tokyo, have proposed a side effect–free anticoagulating treatment that has so far proved effective in test mice and could be ready for human trials in just a few years. The research is published in the journalAlthough much of the world seems to have moved on from the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects continue to linger.
New DNA drug Pse08-29. The short DNA sequence in purple, [M08s G2]c, is the antidote to prevent severe bleeding in the treatment using the bispecific aptamer Pse08-29 for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Credit: Yoshimoto et al. CC-BYfor HIT is an infusion of what are called thrombin inhibitors, but current drugs can lead to severe bleeding and there is no antidote to avoid this," said Associate Professor Keitaro Yoshimoto from the Department of Life Sciences at the University of Tokyo.
The team devised a next-generation thrombin inhibitor consisting of DNA molecules which includes a novel mechanism to prevent the severe bleeding. The key molecule in theis called a bispecific aptamer and its special feature is being able to bind to multiple things simultaneously. Another useful feature is short DNA sections which act as an antidote to the undesirable clotting side effect during HIT.
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