Combination immunotherapy with the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody durvalumab and other novel agents outperforms durvalumab alone in the neoadjuvant (pre-surgical) setting for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
The findings, published today in Cancer Discovery, were first presented at the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022.
Tina Cascone, MD., Ph.D., associate professor of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and lead author of the study The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed MPR, defined as ≤10% residual viable tumor cells in the resected tumor tissue and sampled nodes at surgery. The investigators assessed pathological complete response , or complete disappearance of viable tumor cells, as a secondary endpoint. Exploratory endpoints included tumor, fecal and blood biomarkers.
MPR was associated with baseline tumor PD-L1 expression of ≥1% in the oleclumab and monalizumab combination arms. In the oleclumab combination arm, high baseline CD73 expression was associated with pathological tumor regression, and treatment decreased CD73 expression on tumor cells, as previously observed in other studies.
"Our study is a testament to how clinical trials designed with translational findings in mind can support the rapid advancement of novel immune-based combinations to larger scale studies," Cascone said. "I'm encouraged by these early findings as we work toward reducing the risk of recurrence and increasing cure rates for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
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