Spiral brain-computerinterface slips into ear canal with no loss of hearing NatureComms
). Thus, the permanent and temporary shapes of SpiralE, namely, a large spiral with a diameter of 5.5 mm and a small spiral with a diameter of 3.6 mm were obtained, respectively.
It is noteworthy that the fusion of SpiralE with the external processor has been accomplished via a sequence of flexible anisotropic conductive film, commonly referred to as ACF, customized printed circuit board , DuPont wires, and EEG crocodile clip cables.
Prior to the experiment, a comprehensive explanation of the experimental protocol was provided to all participants, and they signed the informed consent statement. As part of our study protocol, we afforded participants with the autonomy to withdraw from the experiment at any point in accordance with their own preferences, without incurring any untoward consequences.
After that, the auditory meatus of each subject was cleaned with medical alcohol to remove grease and earwax. Then SpiralE was inserted into ear in the small spiral configuration. A DC voltage of ~10 V was applied to electrothermally actuate the expansion and deformation processes. In this process, participants were equipped with the ability to modulate the temperature elevation through manipulation of the voltage knob, thereby enabling them to terminate the experiment at their discretion.
In the visual BCI experiments, the subjects were asked to open their eyes for 1 min and close their eyes for 1 min before SSVEP stimulation. First, a central flicker with 10 Hz SSVEP modulation was presented for 20 8-s trials. Then, 9 targets with stimulation frequencies ranging from 8 Hz to 12 Hz in intervals of 0.5 Hz were displayed for 12 blocks according to the layout. Before each trial, a visual cue was randomly assigned for each target (Supplementary Fig.
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