Does the skin microbiome contribute to protection from prolonged solar damage? TelAvivUni skin microbiome uv UV solar skin damage skindamage protection
By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDApr 19 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM A recent study published in the Environmental Research Journal examined how the skin microbiome contributes to protection from solar damage when exposed to sun radiation daily.Study: Skin microbiome bacteria enriched following long sun exposure can reduce oxidative damage: a 5-month preliminary study of ten lifeguards. Image Credit: ART-ur/Shutterstock.
The skin microbiome prevents overgrowth by pathogenic species, both by competing for suitable spaces and by producing inhibitory antimicrobial peptides . Natural defenses against such damage include skin pigmentation, DNA repair pathways, and antioxidant molecules, to which may be added the action of certain components of the SMB.
What did the study show? Skin swabs were taken from ten lifeguards before and after the summer season. While both showed a similar abundance of skin microbes, certain less abundant species were found to show significant changes. New taxa were found to appear in the SMB at the end of the season, compared to the baseline.
This occurs via their production of protective chemicals that limit the production of human keratinocytes. Such compounds include ubiquinone 10, glycosphingolipids , and a yellow carotenoid pigment from Sphingomonas, as well as glucagon-like peptides and carotenoids from Erythrobacteraceae. Carotenoids are potent antioxidants, while GSLs help preserve skin barrier integrity.
A similar effect, resulting in the reduction of ROS levels by a quarter, was also observed when the cells were added to a solution containing the lysate or supernatant from a Sphingomonas culture but not that from an E. coli culture.
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