'Black sheep' of helper Tcells may hold key to precision allergy treatment natimmunol
mice. We thank F. Petermann, Y. Baumer and S. Muallem for their thoughtful review of and comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge staff at the NIAID flow core for their assistance with flow sorting and analysis and the NIAMS sequencing core for assistance with sequencing and analysis. We thank J. Reilley and J. Cannons for assistance with sample retrieval. The study was funded by the Intramural Research Programs of NIAID and NIAMS.
Aran Son, McKella Sylvester, Estefania Vazquez, Tamara Haque, Moses M. Kitakule, Pamela A. Frischmeyer-Guerrerio & Daniella M. Schwartz Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USALaboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
Julio Gomez-Rodriguez, Zenia Kaul, Kalpana Manthiram, Rama K.
Belgique Dernières Nouvelles, Belgique Actualités
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Frontiers | Acute exercise mobilizes CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and NK cells in lymphoma patientsBackground Studies have shown that acute exercise can mobilize several leukocyte subpopulations in healthy individuals. Our aim was to investigate whether a 10-minute acute exercise has an effect on immune cell proportions in lymphoma patients. Methods This study included seven lymphoma patients referred to curative oncologic therapy. Three had Hodgkin and four non-Hodgkin lymphoma, one was female, and their mean age was 51. Patients underwent a 10-minute acute exercise on a bicycle ergometer at moderate exercise intensity. Whole blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after exercise, and 30 minutes after exercise. Leukocyte subpopulation levels were determined using flow cytometry. Results Proportions of total NK cells and CD56+CD16+ NK cells of total leukocytes increased immediately after exercise and decreased back to baseline at 30 minutes post-exercise. Proportion of CD8+ T cells of total T cells increased and proportion of CD4+ T cells of total T cells decreased immediately after exercise, and both returned to baseline at 30 minutes post-exercise. There was no change in the proportions of B cells, granulocytes, or monocytes. Exercising diastolic blood pressure correlated positively with changes in total NK cell and CD56+CD16+ NK cell proportions, and exercising mean arterial pressure correlated positively with change in CD56+CD16+ NK cell proportion. Conclusion Our findings indicate that a single acute exercise bout of only 10 minutes can cause leukocytosis in lymphoma patients, particularly on cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, which are the most important immune cells fighting against cancer.
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MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of autophagy-mediated cisplatin response in tumor cells - Cancer Cell InternationalChemotherapy is one of the most common therapeutic methods in advanced and metastatic tumors. Cisplatin (CDDP) is considered as one of the main first-line chemotherapy drugs in solid tumors. However, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance in cancer patients. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) as one of the main therapeutic challenges in cancer patients is associated with various cellular processes such as drug efflux, DNA repair, and autophagy. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that protects the tumor cells toward the chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, autophagy regulatory factors can increase or decrease the chemotherapy response in tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in regulation of autophagy in normal and tumor cells. Therefore, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in CDDP response through the regulation of autophagy. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly increased the CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells by inhibition of autophagy. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy-related genes (ATGs) were the main targets of miRNAs in the regulation of autophagy-mediated CDDP response in tumor cells. This review can be an effective step to introduce the miRNAs as efficient therapeutic options to increase autophagy-mediated CDDP sensitivity in tumor cells.
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Classifying cancer cells to predict metastatic potentialCancer cells that initiate metastasis, or the spread of the disease from its primary location, are different from cancer cells that stay in the original tumor. Distinguishing metastasis-initiating cell types can determine the severity of cancer and help medical practitioners decide on a course of treatment.
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Researchers develop gene-edited stem cells to reduce arrhythmias in heart attack patientsIn a recent study published in the journal Cell Stem Cell, researchers hypothesized that pacemaker-like activity of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs) resulted in engraftment arrhythmias (EAs), which hampers the clinical use of cell-based therapy using hPSC-CMs for treatment of myocardial infarction (MI).
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Brain structure and cortical activity changes of new daily persistent headache: multimodal evidence from MEG/sMRI - The Journal of Headache and PainBackground New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare but debilitating primary headache disorder that poses a significant burden on individuals and society. Despite its clinical importance, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of NDPH remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the brain structural changes and neural activity patterns in patients with NDPH using multimodal brain imaging analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) combined with magnetoencephalography (MEG). Methods Twenty-eight patients with NDPH and 37 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for this study, and their structural and resting-state data were collected by 3.0 Tesla MRI and MEG. We analyzed the brain morphology using voxel-based morphometry and source-based morphometry. In each brain region, MEG sensor signals from 1 to 200 Hz were analyzed using an adapted version of Welch's method. MEG source localization was conducted using the dynamic statistical parametric mapping, and the difference of source distribution between patients with NDPH and HCs was examined. Results Our results revealed significant differences in the regional grey matter volume, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area between the two groups. Specifically, compared with HCs, patients with NDPH showed a significant decrease in cortical thickness of the left rostral cortex in the middle frontal gyrus, decreased cortical surface area of the left fusiform gyrus, decreased grey matter volume of the left superior frontal gyrus and the left middle frontal gyrus, and increased grey matter volume of the left calcarine. Furthermore, the power of the whole brain, bilateral frontal lobes, and right temporal lobe in the NDPH group were higher than that in HCs in the ripple frequency band (80-200 Hz). Functional and structural analysis suggested that there were structural changes and abnormal high frequency cortical activity in both frontal and temporal lobes in patients with NDPH. Conclusion Ou
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HMP Stoke Heath 'still to recover' from Covid restrictionsInspectors find some inmates at HMP Stoke Heath spend as little as 90 minutes out of cells a day.
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