Scientists review existing literature to understand how the microbiome influences neuropsychiatric disorders.
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Oct 19 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in Molecular Psychiatry, scientists reviewed existing literature to understand how the microbiome influences neuropsychiatric disorders. More specifically, they explore the underlying mechanisms and highlight reliable biomarkers that could be used to formulate microbiota-targeted interventions to treat people with neuropsychiatric disorders.
The prevalence of anxiety disorders and MDD have significantly increased due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Both genetic and environmental factors influence the development and manifestations of neuropsychiatric disorders. To date, few studies have discussed the biological mechanisms linked to the development and progression of these disorders.
The microbiota of a specific organ can easily influence other organs. For example, the gut microbiome influences multiple organs and is associated with the overall health of an individual. Altered gut microbial composition and diversity influence the manifestation of schizophrenia, anxiety, BD, MDD, Parkinson’s disease , and AD. For example, a reduction in anti-inflammatory butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Coprococcus and an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria like Eggerthella have been observed across various psychiatric disorders including MDD, schizophrenia, BD, and anxiety.
Nasal microbiota influences the gut microbiota-brain axis through the olfactory system, immune system modulation, and production of neurotransmitters or metabolites that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Nasopharyngeal microbiota dysbiosis induces inflammatory responses to α-synuclein that cause pathological changes in PD.
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