We have now reached the eighth instalment in my 12-part series about Scotland’s built heritage and I am grateful to the readers who have emailed…
WE have now reached the eighth instalment in my 12-part series about Scotland’s built heritage and I am grateful to the readers who have emailed to thank me for adding to their knowledge.
Apologies in advance if I have left out your favourite, but email me at [email protected] and I’ll choose the best examples. By that time stone churches had begun to appear across Scotland. So, too, did the “houses” of the Culdees – monks and hermits who followed a Celtic form of Christianity. It is known that the Culdees had up to 19 monastic institutions across Scotland and these thrived until the early 12th century when King David I came to the throne.
It was one of a number of abbeys that he set up in the Borders to show both his piety and his power over this contested territory. The Cistercians were drawn to this fertile spot beside the River Tweed by its close associations with St Aidan and St Cuthbert. “Melrose’s location put it on the front line of conflict with England during the later Middle Ages: attacks by Edward I and Edward II required major repairs and Richard II’s attack in 1385 led to a complete rebuilding of the abbey church. The War of the Rough Wooing in the 1540s caused further damage.”
The Chronicle of Melrose records that in “AD 1197, Joceline, bishop of Glasgow, dedicated his cathedral church, which he had built anew, upon Sunday, the day before the nones of July, in the 24th year of his episcopate.” Jocelin was only able to enjoy his cathedral for two years as he died in 1199. “His son, Sir Oliver St Clair, roofed the choir with its stone vault but did not complete his father’s original design. Following the Reformation, the chapel fell into disrepair and, in 1650, Cromwell’s troops attacked Rosslyn Castle and stabled their horses inside the chapel.”
It was in St Giles, for instance, that Charles I tried to impose the English Book of Common Prayer, which led the congregation to riot and begin the process that led to the Covenanters and the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
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