Eastern and southern Africa have about a tenth of the world’s population, yet accounted for nearly half of the world’s 1.5m new HIV cases in 2021. And young women (aged 15-24) are disproportionately affected
for women are becoming available or are in late-stage development. If they become widely used by girls and women having sex with older men, Africa’sRelationships with sugar daddies are different from sex work. Some women talk about being romanced by older men and getting emotional support from them that they might not get from men their own age.
Attitudes to men in such relationships are encapsulated in what many young Africans call their older male partners: “blessers”. Some women boast on social media about their gifts . Having a blesser provides social status as well as trendy clothes, smartphones and other goodies that their parents cannot afford to buy for them, says Joyce Wamoyi of the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania. Such gifts are common among university students.
Younger men struggle to compete for the attention of young women because they tend to earn less money than older men. Yet their male elders are much more likely to have, simply because they have been having sex for longer and with more partners in societies with high rates of. Men in their 20s—often the first partners of adolescent girls—are less likely to know they are infected and, therefore, to take antiretroviral drugs , which would make them less likely to pass the virus on through sex.
Various programmes aiming to change this have mostly failed. Charities have tried giving poor adolescent girls small amounts of cash to meet their basic needs. But once they have food on the table as a result of such handouts, says Dr Wamoyi, they aspire to have more, such as nicer clothes; and once they have that, they want more expensive things, such as a smartphone. A cash grant programme may give them the equivalent of $10 or $20 every three months.
A more promising idea is to prevent girls and young women from becoming infected, ideally using methods which do not require them to persuade a man to wear a condom . Among these are threemethods that have become available in recent years: a vaginal ring, a daily pill and an injection every second month. Convincing women at risk ofThe vaginal ring, an insertable silicone device that releases aninfection by as much as 50%. But “it’s not going to be everybody’s cup of tea,” admits Dr Bekker.
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