New evidence links sightloss to dementia ARUKnews
What is the association between objectively measured visual impairment and dementia among older US adults?In this survey study, based on objective assessments of visual function with habitual correction in the 2021 nationally representative National Health and Aging Trends Study, all types of VI were associated with a higher dementia prevalence. Having multiple VIs was more strongly associated with dementia than having a single VI.
This secondary analysis of the 2021 National Health and Aging Trends Study , a population-based, nationally representative panel study, included 3817 respondents 71 years and older. Data were analyzed from January to March 2023.In 2021, NHATS incorporated tablet-based tests of distance and near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity with habitual correction.VI was defined as distance visual acuity more than 0.30 logMAR, near visual acuity more than 0.
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Frontiers | Boost your brain: a simple 100% normobaric oxygen treatment improves human motor learning processesHuman motor learning processes are a fundamental part of our daily lives and can be adversely affected by neurologic conditions. Motor learning largely depends on successfully integrating cognitive and motor-related sensory information, and a simple, easily accessible treatment that could enhance such processes would be exciting and clinically impactful. Normobaric 100% oxygen treatment (NbOxTr) is often used as a first-line intervention to improve survival rates of brain cells in neurological trauma, and recent work indicates that improvements in elements crucial for cognitive-motor-related functions can occur during NbOxTr. However, whether NbOxTr can enhance the motor learning processes of healthy human brains is unknown. Here, we investigated whether a brief NbOxTr administered via nasal cannula improves motor learning processes during a visuomotor adaptation task where participants adapt to a visual distortion between visual feedback and hand movements. 40 healthy young adults (M=21 yrs.) were randomly assigned to a NbOxTr (N=20; 100% oxygen) or air (N=20; regular air) group and went through four typical visuomotor adaptation phases (Baseline, Adaptation, After-effect, Refresher). Gas treatment (flow rate 5 L/min) was only administered during the Adaptation phase of the visuomotor experiment, in both groups. The NbOxTr provided during the Adaptation phase lead to significantly faster and about 30% improved learning (p|0.05). Notably, these motor learning improvements consolidated into the subsequent experiment phases, i.e., after the gas treatment was terminated (p|0.05). We conclude that this simple and brief NbOxTr dramatically improved fundamental human motor leanring processes and may provide promising potential for neurorehabilitation and skill-learning approaches. Further studies should investigate whether similar improvements exist in elderly and neurologically impaired individuals, other motor learning tasks, and also long-lasting effects.
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