Researchers analyze targets of human T cell recognition against all coronaviruses biorxivpreprint ljiresearch TCell Coronaviruses
By Neha MathurJan 9 2023Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers analyzed T cell reactivity against alpha and beta common cold coronaviruses [] to inform the development of pan-CoV vaccine concepts.
Based on this data, scientists have proposed that conserved immunodominant T cell regions could effectively induce a panCoV response alongside the induction of broadly reactive nAb responses. Grifoni et al. found that over 100 studies have extensively explored SARS-CoV-2-induced T cell epitope catalogs. However, there is a shortage of data on antigens dominantly recognized in T-cell responses elicited by CCC infection.
The researchers collected peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 88 healthy adults with a median age of 46 years and a 52:48 female-to-male ratio between March 2020 and February 2021. They were seronegative for spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 at sample collection. The team used immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure antibodies to OC43 and NL63.
The present study also identified the epitope repertoire of human CCC-specific memory CD4+ T cells. The team identified 78 OC43 and 87 NL63-specific epitopes, with an average breadth of seven epitopes per PBMC sample. The lower number of CCC-specific epitopes detected in the present study reflects that the sample donors had less recent exposure to a presumably unknown CoV.
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