A new study shows that astronauts who spend over 6 months in space suffer brain swelling—and it can take as long as 3 years on Earth to recover
, the immune system to weaken, the eye to flatten slightly and the optic nerve to swell. Time in space also exposes the human body to unhealthy doses of cosmic radiation, which can increase the lifetime risk of cancer.published in, too much time aloft can cause the brain’s ventricles—cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid that cushion the brain, nourish tissue, and remove waste—to swell significantly.
The brain has four ventricles: two lateral ventricles—one each in the brain’s two hemispheres; the third ventricle near the center of the brain; and the fourth ventricle, in the brainstem. All four are connected to the spine and are continuously fed cerebrospinal fluid , which flows in and out in a regular cycle. In zero-g, that fluid drifts upward, overfilling the ventricles and causing them to increase in size. It also flows back out when the astronauts return to a gravity environment.
The ventricular damage done by zero-g appears to be cumulative. The right lateral ventricle of veteran astronauts, who had flown multiple missions, did not increase in size over the course of their most recent mission as much as the ventricles of the rookies—but that’s not because the veterans were less affected by zero-g. Rather, it’s because the right lateral was still enlarged from their previous flight.
Belgique Dernières Nouvelles, Belgique Actualités
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