Study evaluates simultaneous effects of exercise and diet-induced weight reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes NatMetabolism CFAS_dk diet exercise diabetes weightloss research insulin sensitivity
By Neha MathurMay 3 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent article published in the Nature Metabolism Journal, researchers performed a four-armed, 16-week randomized clinical trial between February 2019 and October 2021 in Copenhagen, Denmark, among 82 individuals with newly diagnosed type II diabetes .
Background Progressive deterioration of beta-cell function leads to the onset of T2D; thus, re-establishing normal beta-cell function could be pivotal to improving T2D pathogenesis. The disposition index , the product of 'insulin sensitivity' and 'insulin secretion', is a widely accepted measure of beta-cell function.
More importantly, there is an urgent need to understand the potential interactions between standardized dietary weight management therapies and pharmacological therapies when assessing the effects of exercise on DI among people living with T2D in a clinical setting. The team used the age-adjusted Oxford equation to estimate daily energy requirements. Based on self-reported, 3-day food records, a clinical dietician planned individualized recommendations and recipes for each participant.
They calculated DI as the product of late-phase insulin secretion rate and late-phase Insulin sensitivity index . The latter helped the researchers examine DI changes during the final 30 minutes of clamp-induced hyperglycemia after a 16-week intervention. Therefore, the authors speculated that a weight loss of ~7.5% body weight might be sufficient to re-establish late-phase ISR in this study population. It is also likely that exercise drives more changes in insulin sensitivity, while weight loss primarily drives changes in insulin secretion.
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