Study of 9 million Swedes shows rapidly declining effectiveness of COVID vaccines against Omicron Omicron Coronavirus Disease COVID vaccineeffectiveness TheLancet SSRN uniofgothenburg UU_University sahlgrenska
By Nidhi Saha, BDSSep 25 2022Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc. Furthermore, two COVID-19 vaccine doses provided substantial long-term protection against severe disease, according to follow-ups until 13 months after vaccination. The vaccine's effectiveness against hospitalization was high and stable prior to Omicron, but it also declined after Omicron.
The study This study aimed to estimate the time-dependent vaccine effectiveness against coronavirus disease 2019 , the rate of hospitalization, admission to the intensive care units , and fatality over 13 months after two doses of COVID-19 vaccination. Results In the cohort of 9,153,456 individuals, 85% were vaccinated with a single dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, 82% with two doses of vaccine, 45% with at least three doses of vaccine, and 15% were unvaccinated. The most vaccinated individuals were 65 or older. Most people received either mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 BioNTech, Pfizer ) vaccine. A small percentage of the study population were vaccinated twice with the AZD1222 vaccine.
VE among hospitalized individuals peaked at 90% in the fifth and sixth week while maintaining up to 82% from week one to 25. Meanwhile, VE after the second dose was higher and lasted longer. Similar disparities were recorded among the hospitalized groups, although the differences were minor compared to those among individuals who sustained Omicron infection. Pre-Omicron period VE against hospitalization was durable and stable – above 85%. The post-Omicron infection VE sustained at 80% until the 25th week and decreased with time. Yet, limited protection against hospitalization persisted throughout the study period.
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