Entering Nazi camp meant a death sentence, says Stutthof survivor
Manfred Goldberg was 13 when he was sent to Stutthof concentration camp near the coast of the Baltic Sea in August 1943.
Most of the original detainees were local Poles and Jews when Stutthof was built in 1939 as the first Nazi camp outside Germany's borders in World War Two. The camp is east of modern-day Gdansk and a short walk from the sea. Gas chambers had been in operation in Nazi death camps since 1942 in German-occupied Poland but it was not until June 1944 that Zyklon B gas was used at Stutthof.
Although young, he remembers becoming part of an indispensable group of 300 prisoners who spent a year repairing railway tracks at junctions blown up by Allied forces. It was during this time as a slave labourer that he met lifelong friend Zigi Shipper. As Soviet forces closed in on Stutthof in late April 1945, the Nazis decided to abandon the camp and sent the remaining inmates on a death march. Such marches became common, as the Nazis sought to erase evidence of their crimes, and many of the detainees were killed as the war neared its end.
Belgique Dernières Nouvelles, Belgique Actualités
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