The burden of Clostridioides difficile infections in the United States CDiff ClostridiumDifficile Infection BMC_series Yale
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaMar 13 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent review published in BMC Infectious Diseases, researchers reviewed existing data on Clostridioides difficile infections among United States residents.
In the present review, researchers describe the evolving epidemiology, recurrence, risk factors, clinical presentations, and complications of CDIs. According to CDC reports, the incidence of healthcare-related CDIs, which describe disease onset in healthcare facilities or those attributed to recent hospitalizations, is 58 cases among 100,000 individuals. These rates were 53% in 2012 and reduced by 36% by 2017 and 47% in 2019. Comparatively, community-onset CDI incidence doubled in the previous decade, with the estimated incidence being 63 cases among 100,000 individuals.
Repetitive microbiota disruptions due to repeated courses of antibiotics such as amoxicillin, vancomycin, ampicillin, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporins perpetuate recurrence risks. The vicious infection-reinfection cycle impedes recovery from CDI. CDI clinical signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, dehydration, mild-intensity to profuse-type diarrhea, peripheral edema, tenesmus, abdominal distension, and severe colitis. Most CDI patients recover within five days of antibiotic therapy initiation.
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