The impact of epigenetic features on breast cancer treatment and outcomes Cancers_MDPI womenshealth epigenetics genetics epigenetic treatment cancer cancertreatment
By Vijay Kumar MalesuAug 9 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent review published in the Cancers Journal, a group of authors analyzed the impact of epigenetic features on breast cancer treatment and outcomes, emphasizing chromatin changes and the potential of targeting epigenetic enzymes for improved patient results.
Around 30% of luminal B tumors also express HER2. HER2-positive tumors, 10-15% of cases, show improved prognosis due to HER2-targeted treatments. TNBCs, accounting for 10-20% of diagnoses, are aggressive and originate from basal cells, lacking ER, PR, and HER2 expression. Meanwhile, improper H3K4 methylation can endanger cell regulation and promote unfavorable outcomes in advanced breast cancers. Addressing these irregularities could help curtail the growth of HR-positive breast tumors.
Its loss can shift the cellular profile, making them independent of ER. The dynamic interplay of these complexes suggests potential treatment strategies, with some implying the benefits of targeting BRG1 or inhibiting PI3K in certain patient cohorts. Some HATs directly affect tumor characteristics, with studies suggesting their potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancers. They also act in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and DNA damage response.
For instance, class I and II HDACs exhibit oncogenic properties, whereas class III plays dual roles-both promoting and suppressing tumors. HDAC11, the sole representative of class IV, functions similarly to an oncoprotein. Tamoxifen resistance—a frequently used breast cancer treatment—occurs in about half of the ER-positive tumors, suggesting that HDAC targeting could counteract this resistance.
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