The role of pulmonary dysfunction and COVID-19 severity in the development of Long COVID medrxivpreprint covid COVID19 SARSCoV2 longCOVID longcovid
By Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc.Jul 6 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server, a team of interdisciplinary research groups identified a genome-wide significant association for long coronavirus disease at the FOXP4 locus, which has been previously associated with cancer, severe COVID 2019 , and lung function.
About the study In this collaborative study, researchers performed the first GWAS focussing on long COVID. They conducted 24 independent GWAS conducted in 16 countries representing populations of 6 ancestries, 6,450 people with long COVID diagnoses, and 1,093,995 controls. Since all the variants in linkage disequilibrium with the lead variant were non-coding, the authors scanned the variants connected to nearby genes with differential expression spanning a 100 kb window.
Furthermore, single-cell sequencing analysis suggested that FOXP4 is abundantly expressed in type 2 alveolar cells, which mount robust innate immune responses, secrete surfactant, maintain the alveoli dry, and act as progenitor cells in injured epithelium replenishment. A phenome-wide association study between all Biobank Japan phenotypes and rs9367106 identified that the long COVID risk allele was linked to lung cancer.
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