Unlocking the secrets of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections: HLA-B*15:01 connection revealed Nature UCLA covid COVID19 SARSCoV2 HLA asymptomatic
By Neha MathurJul 25 2023Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in Nature, researchers describe the findings of the COVID-19 Citizen Science Study, a large-scale study directly examining human leukocyte antigen variation in a prospective cohort comprising individuals with mild coronavirus disease 2019 .
However, few studies have examined genetics in non-hospitalized, prospective, community-based cohorts. Studies directly examining HLA associations with infection had relatively small cohorts and fetched mixed and inconclusive results. About the study The present study had a smartphone-based study design which helped the researchers track COVID-19 symptoms and outcomes, including positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test results of nearly 30,000 individuals previously HLA genotyped for five loci, HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1.
Results The main study finding was that the HLA-B*15:01 allele was markedly associated with asymptomatic infection in participants reporting a SARS-CoV-2-positive test result. Upon analyzing immunodominant epitopes in T cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or PBMCs from pre-pandemic healthy donors, the authors observed that the cells from donors carrying HLA-B*15:01 allele unexposed to SARS-CoV-2 were reactive to the SARS-CoV-2 spike peptide NQK-Q8, and most cells displayed a memory phenotype.
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