In the latest outbreak of violence at least 180 civilians have been killed. Once again, the Sudanese find themselves hostage to violent military officers pursuing their own narrow interests
. For months tensions had been building between the two most powerful figures in the military government: Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, Sudan’s de facto leader since a coup in 2019, and Muhammad Hamdan Dagalo , a warlord. He is the leader of the Rapid Support Forces , a paramilitary unit that grew out of the Janjaweed militias. America’s government among others has accused the Janjaweed of acts of genocide during a conflict in the western region of Darfur in the 2000s.
Both sides claim that they are acting to forestall another coup. Since independence in 1956 Sudan has had six coups and ten failed attempts . Instability has increased since General Omar al-Bashir, indicted by the International Criminal Court for genocide in 2009, was toppled by a popular revolution in April 2019. The army struck back almost immediately, killing scores of people.
Since independence Sudan has been governed, with only occasional breaks, by an autocratic Arab elite in Khartoum, bent on plundering the country’s considerable wealth, much of it in the form of oil and gold. Their rule, exercised through the army, has often been cloaked in the language of Islam; it is really a kleptocracy.
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