Exploring the well-being and health of SARS-CoV-2-positive children and young people TheLancet ucl Health Wellbeing SARSCoV2 COVID19 Children YoungPeople
By Bhavana KunkalikarDec 9 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study published in The Lancet Regional Health, researchers explored the well-being and health of non-hospitalized young individuals and children following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 testing.
About the study In the present study, researchers reported the within-individual diversity in health and well-being six and 12 months following COVID-19 testing. The team presented data collected on the same CYP six and 12 months following PCR testing. The first contact involved completing an online health questionnaire by the CYPs during the PCR test. CYP answered follow-up questions at six and 12 months, which inquired about their well-being and health. The questionnaires were completed by the CYP; however, a caretaker could help younger CYP and individuals who had educational needs or disabilities.
Results After a mean of 27.7 and 52.1 weeks, the follow-up questionnaires for six-month and 12 months were submitted, respectively. Almost 2,909 out of 6,407 SARS-COV-2 positive CYP and 2,177 out of 6,542 SARS-COV-2 negative CYP who responded at six months also responded at 12 months. Additionally, 10.9% of positive test subjects felt exhaustion, 4.4% experienced shortness of breath, 3.3% had a loss of taste or smell, 1.7% reported dizziness or lightheadedness, and 1.
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Predictive model for long COVID in children 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test - BMC MedicineBackground To update and internally validate a model to predict children and young people (CYP) most likely to experience long COVID (i.e. at least one impairing symptom) 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing and to determine whether the impact of predictors differed by SARS-CoV-2 status. Methods Data from a nationally matched cohort of SARS-CoV-2 test-positive and test-negative CYP aged 11–17 years was used. The main outcome measure, long COVID, was defined as one or more impairing symptoms 3 months after PCR testing. Potential pre-specified predictors included SARS-CoV-2 status, sex, age, ethnicity, deprivation, quality of life/functioning (five EQ-5D-Y items), physical and mental health and loneliness (prior to testing) and number of symptoms at testing. The model was developed using logistic regression; performance was assessed using calibration and discrimination measures; internal validation was performed via bootstrapping and the final model was adjusted for overfitting. Results A total of 7139 (3246 test-positives, 3893 test-negatives) completing a questionnaire 3 months post-test were included. 25.2% (817/3246) of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positives and 18.5% (719/3893) of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negatives had one or more impairing symptoms 3 months post-test. The final model contained SARS-CoV-2 status, number of symptoms at testing, sex, age, ethnicity, physical and mental health, loneliness and four EQ-5D-Y items before testing. Internal validation showed minimal overfitting with excellent calibration and discrimination measures (optimism-adjusted calibration slope: 0.96575; C-statistic: 0.83130). Conclusions We updated a risk prediction equation to identify those most at risk of long COVID 3 months after a SARS-CoV-2 PCR test which could serve as a useful triage and management tool for CYP during the ongoing pandemic. External validation is required before large-scale implementation.
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Exploring a variant-adapted SARS-CoV-2 recombinant protein vaccineResearchers assessed the immunogenicity of a variant-adapted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant protein vaccine boosted with an AS03 adjuvant.
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Researchers explore the correlation between the dynamic shedding pattern of SARS-CoV-2 and viral loadResearchers attempted to establish an association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load, indicating its ribonucleic acid (RNA) levels, and the presence of infectious virions.
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Study explores the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus following SARS-CoV-2 infectionsResearchers evaluated individuals who had SARS-CoV-2 infections and were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus within six months of the onset of COVID-19 to understand the temporal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infections and diabetes mellitus.
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Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BQ.1.1Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BQ.1.1 biorxivpreprint UTokyo_News_en SARSCoV2 COVID19 Omicron Variant BQ11
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Identification of herbal teas and their compounds eliciting antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro - BMC BiologyBackground The SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic has inflicted medical and socioeconomic havoc, and despite the current availability of vaccines and broad implementation of vaccination programs, more easily accessible and cost-effective acute treatment options preventing morbidity and mortality are urgently needed. Herbal teas have historically and recurrently been applied as self-medication for prophylaxis, therapy, and symptom alleviation in diverse diseases, including those caused by respiratory viruses, and have provided sources of natural products as basis for the development of therapeutic agents. To identify affordable, ubiquitously available, and effective treatments, we tested herbs consumed worldwide as herbal teas regarding their antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. Results Aqueous infusions prepared by boiling leaves of the Lamiaceae perilla and sage elicit potent and sustained antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when applied after infection as well as prior to infection of cells. The herbal infusions exerted in vitro antiviral effects comparable to interferon-β and remdesivir but outperformed convalescent sera and interferon-α2 upon short-term treatment early after infection. Based on protein fractionation analyses, we identified caffeic acid, perilla aldehyde, and perillyl alcohol as antiviral compounds. Global mass spectrometry (MS) analyses performed comparatively in two different cell culture infection models revealed changes of the proteome upon treatment with herbal infusions and provided insights into the mode of action. As inferred by the MS data, induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) was confirmed as effector mechanism by the antiviral activity of the HMOX-1-inducing compounds sulforaphane and fraxetin. Conclusions In conclusion, herbal teas based on perilla and sage exhibit antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 including variants of concern such as Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron, and we identified HMOX-1 as potential therapeutic target. Given
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