Further warnings that Germany rapidly needs to improve its energy security.
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The U.S. Sees Record-High Gas Deliveries To LNG Export Terminals | OilPrice.comDeliveries of natural gas via pipelines to liquefied natural gas (LNG) export facilities in the United States hit a record high in the first half of 2023, averaging 12.8 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d)
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Risk of hip fracture in meat-eaters, pescatarians, and vegetarians: a prospective cohort study of 413,914 UK Biobank participants - BMC MedicineBackground Meat-free diets may be associated with a higher risk of hip fracture, but prospective evidence is limited. We aimed to investigate the risk of hip fracture in occasional meat-eaters, pescatarians, and vegetarians compared to regular meat-eaters in the UK Biobank, and to explore the role of potential mediators of any observed risk differences. Methods Middle-aged UK adults were classified as regular meat-eaters (n = 258,765), occasional meat-eaters (n = 137,954), pescatarians (n = 9557), or vegetarians (n = 7638) based on dietary and lifestyle information at recruitment (2006–2010). Incident hip fractures were identified by record linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics up to September 2021. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate associations between each diet group and hip fracture risk, with regular meat-eaters as the reference group, over a median follow-up time of 12.5 years. Results Among 413,914 women, 3503 hip fractures were observed. After adjustment for confounders, vegetarians (HR (95% CI): 1.50 (1.18, 1.91)) but not occasional meat-eaters (0.99 (0.93, 1.07)) or pescatarians (1.08 (0.86, 1.35)) had a greater risk of hip fracture than regular meat-eaters. This is equivalent to an adjusted absolute risk difference of 3.2 (1.2, 5.8) more hip fractures per 1000 people over 10 years in vegetarians. There was limited evidence of effect modification by BMI on hip fracture risk across diet groups (pinteraction = 0.08), and no clear evidence of effect modification by age or sex (pinteraction = 0.9 and 0.3, respectively). Mediation analyses suggest that BMI explained 28% of the observed risk difference between vegetarians and regular meat-eaters (95% CI: 1.1%, 69.8%). Discussion Vegetarian men and women had a higher risk of hip fracture than regular meat-eaters, and this was partly explained by their lower BMI. Ensuring adequate nutrient intake and weight management are therefore particularly important in vegetarians in the context of hip
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The EAT-Lancet diet, genetic susceptibility and risk of atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort - BMC MedicineBackground The EAT-Lancet Commission proposed a global reference diet with both human health benefits and environmental sustainability in 2019. However, evidence regarding the association of such a diet with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is lacking. In addition, whether the genetic risk of AF can modify the effect of diet on AF remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association of the EAT-Lancet diet with the risk of incident AF and examine the interaction between the EAT-Lancet diet and genetic susceptibility of AF. Methods This prospective study included 24,713 Swedish adults who were free of AF, coronary events, and stroke at baseline. Dietary habits were estimated with a modified diet history method, and an EAT-Lancet diet index was constructed to measure the EAT-Lancet reference diet. A weighted genetic risk score was constructed using 134 variants associated with AF. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results During a median follow-up of 22.9 years, 4617 (18.7%) participants were diagnosed with AF. The multivariable HR (95% CI) of AF for the highest versus the lowest group for the EAT-Lancet diet index was 0.84 (0.73, 0.98) (P for trend | 0.01). The HR (95% CI) of AF per one SD increment of the EAT-Lancet diet index for high genetic risk was 0.92 (0.87, 0.98) (P for interaction = 0.15). Conclusions Greater adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet index was significantly associated with a lower risk of incident AF. Such association tended to be stronger in participants with higher genetic risk, though gene-diet interaction was not significant.
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