Multiscale landscaping of droplet wettability and mobility of N95 masks PNASNews mask facemask N95
By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaDec 12 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in PNAS, researchers characterized the wettability of fibrous layers of N95 respirators or face masks using contact angle goniometers.
About the study In the present study, researchers presented a multiscale landscape of mobility and wettability by following a testing regime excluded in previous studies and using one non-woven PP microfiber strand only to characterize wettability, extending the test regime to the characteristic ratio value of 0.1.
Four OF were set for the outer fibrous layer of the N95 face mask by altering the size scales with a 0.1 factor such that OF#1, 2, 3, and 4 were sized 5.0 × 5.0 mm2, 500.0 × 500.0 μm2, 50.0 × 50.0 μm2, and five by five × five μm2, respectively. The team measured the droplet CA values with all OFs, for the outer fibrous layer of pristine face N95 masks and the nanowall-structured layers through plasma etching, following which FE-SEM was performed for morphological assessments.
Results The multiscale landscape for pristine fibrous layers of N95 masks showed an abrupt droplet-wetting transition in the case of CA <90.0° when droplet sizes and microfiber diameters were similar during evaporation. The wetting transition could contaminate the fibers’ smooth surfaces considering D values between 0.1 and 1.
Further, the team observed dynamic droplet wettability on evaporation onto one fiber, where the pristine fiber droplet was suddenly pinned. Afterward, shear stress-induced contamination occurred in the contacting area for pristine fibrous layers. Pinning was observed with CA values of 75°.
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