Reducing socialmediause by just 15 minutes a day can improve your health, says study SwanseaUni
) is a 19-item measure of sleep length and quality, with each item answered on a 4-point Likert scale . Total scores range between 0 and 21, with higher scores reflecting poorer sleep quality. The internal reliability from this sample at baseline was measures anxiety and depression symptoms: 7 items measuring anxiety, and 7 items measuring depression. Each item is scored 0 to 3, with a total score for each scale of 21. The questionnaire had an internal reliability of= 0.91 at baseline, and 0.
Participants were informed of their group allocation: “No Change,” “Reduction” , or “Reduction + Activity” . This information was sent in an e-mail to all participants prior to their commencement of the study. The participants were not informed of the existence of other possible conditions by the experimenters. The e-mail sent to the participants in the “No Change” group was based on that reported by Hunt et al.
These steps were repeated every week for 3 months. After 3 months, participants were asked to complete the same questionnaires as at baseline. Following the completion of these measures, they were presented with a debrief sheet, which explained the study in more detail.The means and standard deviations on all functioning domains for the three groups at the start of the study are displayed in Table
. None of the group differences between these domains, when tested with an analysis of variance , were significantly different, all
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Perception of audio-visual synchrony in infants at elevated likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder - European Journal of PediatricsThe inability to perceive audio-visual speech as a unified event may contribute to social impairments and language deficits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we examined and compared two groups of infants on their sensitivity to audio-visual asynchrony for a social (speaking face) and non-social event (bouncing ball) and assessed the relations between multisensory integration and language production. Infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD were less sensitive to audio-visual synchrony for the social event than infants without elevated likelihood. Among infants without elevated likelihood, greater sensitivity to audio-visual synchrony for the social event was associated with a larger productive vocabulary.Conclusion: Findings suggest that early deficits in multisensory integration may impair language development among infants with elevated likelihood of developing ASD. What is Known: •Perceptual integration of auditory and visual cues within speech is important for language development. •Prior work suggests that children with ASD are less sensitive to the temporal synchrony within audio-visual speech. What is New: •In this study, infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD showed a larger temporal binding window for adynamic social event (Speaking Face) than TD infants, suggesting less efficient multisensory integration.
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