A study in MicrobiomeJ finds that inulin (dietary soluble fibers) diet affects the activity of intestinal stem cells and drives a homeostatic remodeling of the colon epithelium. It can help treat pathologies related to gastrointestinal disruptions.
mice. These animals were maintained in the husbandry care of the Department of Comparative Medicine in the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research. Gnotobiotic SM13 mice [mice were provided by M.C. and maintained in specific pathogen-free facilities at Washington University in Saint Louis. All strains were maintained in a C57BL/6 background and all procedures were carried out using 6–8-week-old mice, unless otherwise specified.
]. The probe corresponds to expressed sequence tags from Open Biosystems. The Advanced Cell Diagnostics RNAscope 2.0 HD Detection Kit was used to perform the single molecule ISH.To extract the intestinal epithelial cells , the colon was harvested, cut longitudinally and washed 3 × with ice-cold PBS, followed by 3 washes with Hank’s balanced salt solution containing 5% fetal bovine serum . The colon was cut into smaller pieces of 0.
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What to read about the Scottish independence movementThese six books of history, politics and literature deal in different ways with the future of Scotland and, by extension, that of the United Kingdom
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The effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, and β-carotene on the gut microbiotaResearchers reviewed the impact of vitamins C and E and β-carotene on the gut microbiome to understand how known vitamins modify the gut microbiota.
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Children with autism show differences in the gut DNA virome compared to non-autistic children: a case control study - BMC PediatricsBackground Several previous studies have identified a potential role that the gut microbiome can play in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children, but little is known about how variations in the virome may be involved in ASD. We aimed to understand the changes in the gut DNA virome of children with ASD. Methods A case–control study was presented, in which 13 two-children families were observed while considering the age, mode of birth, history of antibiotic use, and vaccination history to minimize the influence of confounding factors. DNA viral metagenomic sequencing was successfully performed on stool samples from 11 children with ASD and 12 healthy non-ASD children. The basic composition and gene function of the participants' fecal DNA virome were detected and analyzed. Finally, the abundance and diversity of the DNA virome of children with ASD and their healthy siblings were compared. Results The gut DNA virome in children aged 3–11 years was found to be dominated by the Siphoviridae family of Caudovirales. The proteins encoded by the DNA genes mainly carry out the functions of genetic information transmission and metabolism. Compared the gut DNA virome of ASD and healthy non-ASD children, their abundance of Caudovirales and Petitvirales both showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.902, P | 0.01), there was no statistically significant difference in the relative abundance of viruses at the order and family levels, and a difference in the relative abundance at the genus level for Skunavirus (Ζ = -2.157, P = 0.031). Viral α diversity was reduced in children with ASD, but α diversity and β diversity did not differ statistically between groups. Conclusions This study indicates that elevated Skunavirus abundance and decreased α diversity in the gut DNA virulence group of children with ASD, but no statistically significant difference in the change in alpha and beta diversity. This provides preliminary cumulative information on virological aspects of the rela
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Associations Between Ambient Air Pollution and Cognitive Abilities from Midlife to Early Old Age: Modification by APOE Genotype - IOS PressBackground: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) measures of ambient air pollution are associated with accelerated age-related cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Objective: We examined
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Love Island's Chloe Burrows 'confirms' pal Millie Court's reunion with LiamChloe Burrows seemed to accidentally confirm her best pal Millie Court has reunited with ex-boyfriend Liam Reardon, as she filmed his voice in the background at their house in her new video
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Breast Cancer Stem Cell–Derived Tumors Escape from γδ T-cell Immunosurveillance In Vivo by Modulating γδ T-cell LigandsAbstractThere are no targeted therapies for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC is enriched in breast cancer stem cells (BCSC), which play a key role in metastasis, chemoresistance, relapse, and mortality. γδ T cells hold great potential in immunotherapy against cancer and might provide an approach to therapeutically target TNBC. γδ T cells are commonly observed to infiltrate solid tumors and have an extensive repertoire of tumor-sensing mechanisms, recognizing stress-induced molecules and phosphoantigens (pAgs) on transformed cells. Herein, we show that patient-derived triple-negative BCSCs are efficiently recognized and killed by ex vivo expanded γδ T cells from healthy donors. Orthotopically xenografted BCSCs, however, were refractory to γδ T-cell immunotherapy. We unraveled concerted differentiation and immune escape mechanisms: xenografted BCSCs lost stemness, expression of γδ T-cell ligands, adhesion molecules, and pAgs, thereby evading immune recognition by γδ T cells. Indeed, neither promigratory engineered γδ T cells, nor anti–PD-1 checkpoint blockade, significantly prolonged overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. BCSC immune escape was independent of the immune pressure exerted by the γδ T cells and could be pharmacologically reverted by zoledronate or IFNα treatment. These results pave the way for novel combinatorial immunotherapies for TNBC.
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